Message Area
Casually read the BBS message area using an easy to use interface. Messages are categorized exactly like they are on the BBS. You may post new messages or reply to existing messages!

You are not logged in. Login here for full access privileges.

Previous Message | Next Message | Back to Political Discussions  <--  <--- Return to Home Page
   Networked Database  Political Discussions   [386 / 900] RSS
 From   To   Subject   Date/Time 
Message   Sean Dennis    Bob Ackley   Wind turbines killing birds   February 9, 2019
 3:17 PM *  

Hello, Bob!

Here's a link to a more scientific approach.

From:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article...

===Cut===
Biological Conservation
   Volume 168, December 2013, Pages 201-209
   Biological Conservation
                                     Review
   Estimates of bird collision mortality at wind facilities in the contiguous
                                 United States
   Scott R.Loss TomWill Peter P.Marra

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2013.10.007

Highlights
   o
           We estimate bird mortality at monopole wind turbines in the
           contiguous U.S.
   o
           Between 140,000 and 328,000 birds are killed annually at monopole
           turbines.
   o
           Mortality increases with increasing height of monopole turbines.
   o
           Mortality rates appear to be lower in the Great Plains relative to
           other regions.

Abstract
   Wind energy has emerged as a promising alternative to fossil fuels, yet
   the impacts of wind facilities on wildlife remain unclear. Prior studies
   estimate between 10,000 and 573,000 fatal bird collisions with U.S. wind
   turbines annually; however, these studies do not differentiate between
   turbines with a monopole tower and those with a lattice tower, the former
   of which now comprise the vast majority of all U.S. wind turbines and the
   latter of which are largely being de-commissioned. We systematically
   derived an estimate of bird mortality for U.S. monopole turbines by
   applying inclusion criteria to compiled studies, identifying correlates of
   mortality, and utilizing a predictive model to estimate mortality along
   with uncertainty. Despite measures taken to increase analytical rigor, the
   studies we used may provide a non-random representation of all data;
   requiring industry reports to be made publicly available would improve
   understanding of wind energy impacts. Nonetheless, we estimate that
   between 140,000 and 328,000 (mean = 234,000) birds are killed annually by
   collisions with monopole turbines in the contiguous U.S. We found support
   for an increase in mortality with increasing turbine hub height and
   support for differing mortality rates among regions, with per turbine
   mortality lowest in the Great Plains. Evaluation of risks to birds is
   warranted prior to continuing a widespread shift to taller wind turbines.
   Regional patterns of collision risk, while not obviating the need for
   species-specific and local-scale assessments, may inform broad-scale
   decisions about wind facility siting.

Keywords
   Anthropogenic mortality
   Carcass sampling biases
   Systematic review
   Wildlife mortality
   Wind energy

   Published by Elsevier Ltd.
===Cut===

Later,
Sean

--- FleetStreet 1.27.1
 * Origin: Outpost BBS Local Console (1:18/200)
  Show ANSI Codes | Hide BBCodes | Show Color Codes | Hide Encoding | Hide HTML Tags | Show Routing
Previous Message | Next Message | Back to Political Discussions  <--  <--- Return to Home Page

VADV-PHP
Execution Time: 0.0946 seconds

If you experience any problems with this website or need help, contact the webmaster.
VADV-PHP Copyright © 2002-2024 Steve Winn, Aspect Technologies. All Rights Reserved.
Virtual Advanced Copyright © 1995-1997 Roland De Graaf.
v2.0.140505

Warning: Unknown: open(c:\Sessions\sess_itaac9rtevpf5mo73a0jptup56, O_RDWR) failed: No such file or directory (2) in Unknown on line 0 Warning: Unknown: Failed to write session data (files). Please verify that the current setting of session.save_path is correct (c:\Sessions) in Unknown on line 0 PHP Warning: session_start(): open(c:\Sessions\sess_itaac9rtevpf5mo73a0jptup56, O_RDWR) failed: No such file or directory (2) in D:\wc5\http\public\VADV\include\common.inc.php on line 45 PHP Warning: Unknown: open(c:\Sessions\sess_itaac9rtevpf5mo73a0jptup56, O_RDWR) failed: No such file or directory (2) in Unknown on line 0 PHP Warning: Unknown: Failed to write session data (files). Please verify that the current setting of session.save_path is correct (c:\Sessions) in Unknown on line 0